Hybrid cars are an interesting purchase option in some cases. These are cars that combine two engines, one internal combustion (conventional) and the other electric, powered by batteries that are recharged during braking and deceleration. They have been on the market for years and, although they are not yet a majority purchase option, they already have a significant market share.

They reduce consumption, since they recover energy that other models underestimate and because their designs seek in many cases to maximize efficiency. In addition, its maintenance is also cheaper and the brands that have models of this type in their range usually increase the guarantee of the electric motor and its batteries, to encourage their purchase.

In this buying guide we are not going to analyze plug-in hybrids, models that feed their batteries by connecting to the electricity grid, which are the next step towards total electrification. Nor to the Mild Hybrid or light hybrids. After this point, we can differentiate three main types of hybrids:

• Parallel Hybrid : The two motors are used to power the transmission at the same time. It was the one that Honda bet on back in the day (like the Honda CR-Z we tested). It is a fairly simple technical solution, but not as efficient as others. Some call them semi-hybrids .

• Combined hybrid : The car can be moved with the impulse of any of its engines, since both have a mechanical connection with the wheels, which allows it to drive in electric mode. The electric motor is usually capable of generating energy during braking and retention. It improves efficiency but the mechanics and electronics of the cars are complicated. Somewhere they are called full-hybrid .

• Serial Hybrids ; In them it is the thermal engine that has no connection with the wheels, but rather its task is to generate electricity so that the electric motor moves the vehicle. They are also known as extended range electric , because in reality they always move thanks to electricity. The Chevrolet Volt (see test) and its twin Opel Ampera were the champions of this technology in its early days.

In addition to their efficiency (they pollute less), they are very smooth and quiet in their operation. These are very proven technologies, especially in the United States and Japan, although they already have a long way to go in Europe.

cons? They are heavier than conventional models due to the batteries (which should be recycled properly, as they can be very polluting) and, above all, they are somewhat more expensive than other equivalent models .

Their sales are gradually increasing, although it seems that the commitment of European brands does not go through this technology, but rather make the leap directly to higher-capacity batteries that require connection to the network for charging. There was a time when premium brands offered engines of this type, but now there are not many who bet on them.

Hybrid Cars Comparison in 2022

Toyota and Lexus are the true ambassadors of this technology, with a firm commitment to it, which led them to abandon diesel in many models before that fuel began to be questioned. You may miss a model, but we have divided the guide into two parts, making an exclusive one for hybrid SUVs.

Here is a table with the main characteristics of these models:

MODEL	Measurements in mm (length / width / height)	Trunk
Ford GalaxyHybrid	4,848 / 1,916 / 1,747	689 liters
Ford MondeoHybrid	4,867 / 1,852 / 1,482	383 liters
Ford Mondeo Sportbreak Hybrid	4,867 / 1,852 / 1,501	403 liters
Ford SMAX Hybrid	4,796 / 1,916 / 1,684	630 liters
honda jazz	4,028 / 1,694 / 1,526	298 liters
hyundai ioniq	4,470 / 1,820 / 1,450	450 liters
Lexus ES 300h	4,975 / 1,865 / 1,445	454 liters
Lexus IS300h	4,665 / 1,810 / 1,430	450 liters
Lexus RC300h	4,695 / 1,840 / 1,395	366 liters
Subaru Impreza EcoHybrid	4,475 / 1,775 / 1,515	340 liters
Suzuki Swace	4,653 / 1,790 / 1,435	598 liters
toyota camry	4,885 / 1,840 / 1,445	524 liters
Toyota Corolla	4,370 / 1,790 / 1,435	361 liters
Toyota Corolla Sedan	4,630 / 1,775 / 1,435	529 liters
Toyota Corolla TS	4,653 / 1,790 / 1,435	598 liters
Toyota YarisHybrid	3,950 / 1,695 / 1,510	286 liters

The Best Hybrid Cars in 2022

As the purchase of a car is not only decided with exterior, interior and trunk measurements, we are going to break down each of the hybrid cars on the current market, so that you can better understand what they offer and how they intend to differentiate themselves from their competition:

Ford GalaxyHybrid

Ford’s minivan range was completed in early 2021 with the Galaxy Hybrid, a very interesting electrified variant for families that need more space and versatility than the wave of hybrid SUVs on sale in the market.

Based on the Galaxy 2019, the American brand mounts a propulsion system that combines a 2.5-liter Duratec gasoline engine and an electric one that together produce 190 hp. It is associated with a CVT-type automatic gearbox that sends power to the front wheels. The liquid-cooled 1.1 kWh capacity battery gives it a small autonomy in electric mode. Approves 6.5 l/100 km, a good figure for its size.

It does not lose an iota of its strong point, practicality. It has seven standard seats, suitable for adults, and its load capacity ranges from 300 liters with all rows in use to 2,339 with only two seats.

It is offered in a single trim level, called Titanium. It has good standard equipment, with elements such as electric windows, electrically adjustable rear-view mirrors, central locking, multifunction steering wheel... Like the rest of the range, it is produced in the Valencian factory in Almussafes.

Ford Mondeo HEV

The fourth generation of the Ford Mondeo hit the market in October 2014 to start selling in 2015. After several years on the market, the Ford Mondeo received an update in 2019 to remain a reference within the general medium sedans. Among its revised mechanical range, it retains the hybrid variant.

Built at Ford’s plant in Valencia, the Mondeo Hybrid offers autonomy and response, with efficiency and refinement in equal measure. Account under its hood as a turbocharged 2.0-liter gasoline engine capable of delivering a total of  187 hp to the drive wheels . It works together with an electric generator powered by a 1.4 kWh lithium-ion battery and an automatic transmission.

Thanks to this combined system, the Ford Mondeo Hybrid declares an average fuel consumption of  4.2 l/100 km  and CO2 emissions of just  96 g/km . Its performance is quite remarkable, since it reaches 187 km/h and can accelerate from 0 to 100 km/h in 9.2 seconds.

When it comes to the cabin, Ford promises better fit and finish. The upholstery and various controls in the passenger compartment are renewed, highlighting the elimination of the gear lever in favor of a rotary control, which premiered on the 2018 Ford Focus. There is no lack of active safety systems such as adaptive cruise control, active speed limiter , blind spot sensor, parking assistant or rear camera, among others. The biggest drawback, the trunk that remains in 383 liters of capacity due to what the batteries occupy.

Ford Mondeo Sportbreak HEV

One of the great novelties of the family body of the Ford Mondeo launched in 2019 (which is a complete revision of the one that began to be sold in 2015) is that it can have a hybrid mechanics, which the previous Mondeo did not have.

This plug-in hybrid mechanics moves thanks to a propulsion system that combines a  2.0 iVCT Atkinson cycle combustion  engine with a permanent magnet synchronous electric motor and a 1.4 kWh capacity lithium-ion battery. They take away a lot of space from the trunk, which remains at 403 liters (while with other mechanics it is 550 liters, a figure more in line with its size).

It boasts very low approved consumption for a family car of this size. And it is that it promises costs of just  4.8 l/100 km  (0.6 liters more than the saloon), with CO2 emissions of  101 g/km .

The best thing is how well equipped this version can be, since Ford has associated it exclusively with the two highest equipment levels, the Titanium (very complete) and the Vignale, which in addition to treating passengers with better finishes It has slight appearance variations on the outside.

Ford SMAX Hybrid

The Ford S-MAX Hybrid completed the minivan range at the beginning of 2021. It is a very interesting version of the S-MAX launched in 2019, with good performance and consumption, as well as excellent dynamic behavior for a vehicle of this type. And it has the ECO label for its hybrid nature.

It shares its propulsion system with the Galaxy Hybrid, which combines a 2.5-liter Atkinson cycle four-cylinder gasoline engine and a small electric motor that deliver 190 hp . It is sent to the front wheels through the brand’s power-split transmission. With the 1.1 kWh capacity lithium-ion battery, it travels short distances in 100% electric mode and has good performance, as it accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in 9.8 seconds.

It is possible to choose it with seven seats, with which it has a 285-liter trunk capacity, but it would reach 2,200 if you fold down the second and third row of seats. It announces a good towing capacity (greater in the five-seater) in case you need to travel with more impedimenta.

Inside, practical and modular, the technology it includes stands out. It is available with four trim levels. The most basic Trend already has many elements, but the Titanium is possibly the most balanced, with seven seats, more driving aids, more practical details such as the 230 V socket or the navigator. The ST-Line gives it a touch of exterior sportiness and the most luxurious is the Vignale , with a significant premium over the previous ones but with luxury finishes.

Honda jazz

The Honda Jazz 2020 renewed this minivan in the summer of 2020. Its great novelty compared to the previous model is that it is only offered with hybrid mechanics (HEV).

Its cabin is spacious and gains in comfort with new seats. He kept, yes, the Magic Seat system , which allows the seats to be raised to carry tall objects. The trunk has 298 liters of capacity (it loses 56 liters compared to the combustion versions since the battery is below the floor.

The hybrid system combines a 1.5-liter DOHC i-VTEC gasoline engine with an electric one powered by a lithium-ion battery and a fixed transmission with an intelligent control unit. It delivers 109 hp of power and 253 Nm of torque, with low consumption of 4.5 l/100 km and 102 g/km of CO2 emissions. It offers three driving programs (EV Drive, Hybrid Drive and Engine Drive, like the CR-V Hybrid. The benefits are sufficient, as it accelerates from 0 to 100 km/h in 9.4 seconds and reaches a maximum speed of 175 km/h. 175km/h

Honda structured the range into four trim levels. They are called, from smallest to largest endowment,  Comfort , Elegance and Executive , in addition to the variant with a crossover appearance, the Crosstar . It is committed to safety, with Honda Sensing technology that encompasses different driving assistance systems and also to connectivity, with a 9-inch multimedia touch screen, compatible with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto.

Hyundai Ioniq

The Hyundai Ioniq 2020 introduced an update with respect to the previous model that came out in 2016, maintaining its essence and the three alternative propulsion systems in its range. If we talk about the hybrid we have to say that in the aesthetic section it can be distinguished by a front that introduces a new grille with a mesh finish and headlights where the daytime running lights have been relocated.

Inside, the most obvious improvements appear at the technological level. Now the main touch screen can be up to 10.25 inches (an 8-inch is mounted as standard) and there is also the possibility that the instrumentation is digital through a 7-inch screen. Some interior controls have been relocated, such as those for the air conditioning, which have a new design. Where there are no changes is in its habitability, with the hybrid maintaining its 456-liter trunk.

The equipment of this model is divided into the three usual finishes. Already from the Klass the endowment is quite complete and includes elements such as 17-inch wheels, the multimedia system with an 8-inch screen, the automatic climate control or the reversing camera. When you go to the Tecno, others are added such as the 10.25-inch touch screen, the 7-inch digital instrumentation or the smart key and button start. In the highest, Style, LED lights, sunroof, leather upholstery or ventilated and heated front seats are added.

The new Hyundai Ioniq hybrid maintains the same format as its predecessor. The propulsion system consists of a 1.6 GDI four-cylinder gasoline engine and a small electric generator. It also has a 1.56 kWh battery, located under the rear seats. The result is a combined power of 141 hp and 265 Nm of torque. It remains tied to the 6DCT six-speed dual-clutch automatic transmission.

Lexus ES 300h

Unveiled at the 2021 Shanghai Motor Show, Toyota’s luxury firm unveiled the latest update to its mid-representation sedan. If the Lexus ES 2021 looks a bit like its predecessor, it is because the starting point is the same, but something more mature and noticeably more refined. Because the Lexus ES 300 h is not only a saloon different from the traditional German sedans, it also provides remarkable luxury and efficiency thanks to the fact that it shares some structural and mechanical elements with the Toyota Camry.

On board, Lexus introduced a touchscreen for the infotainment system, but didn’t give up ditching the center console touchpad. To make the new 8-inch screens easier to touch, the Japanese firm moved them forward 4.3”. A 12.3-inch drive is on the options list. The Japanese manufacturer also added cameras in the mirrors , whose projection is seen on screens installed in the A-pillars. And given the ample space on board, it is understandable that the trunk covers 454 liters .

Under the hood, Lexus only offers a hybrid package . This is made up of a 2.5-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine (178 hp) that works together with an 88 kW (120 hp) electric motor to deliver a total of 218 hp to the rear wheels through a gearbox. continuously variable automatic (CVT). With this powertrain, it goes from 0 to 100 km/h in 8.9 seconds and reaches a top speed of 180 km/h (limited), marking an average consumption of 5.6 l/100 km and CO2 emissions of 127 g/km (WLTP).

The Lexus ES 300h is organized around four trim levels: ECO, Premium , F Sport and Luxury . Perhaps the most outstanding is the F Sport finish, since it has different suspension settings and a more aggressive aesthetic (black predominates over chrome, the bumpers are more muscular and the 19″ wheels are exclusive to this version, as well as the various logos that adorn the exterior and interior.Of course, the ES boasts all the driving assistance systems available from Lexus.

LexusRC

The 2019 Lexus RC 300h is the quintessential hybrid coupe from the Japanese premium brand. A copy that has been giving people something to talk about since its launch due to its particularities. The first is its design language, which is very daring and slightly in line with the extraordinary Lexus LFA. After its last update it looks a little more like the Lexus LC and has the hourglass grille, new unified headlights and slightly restyled bumpers.

The interior is the point of the vehicle that changes the least. They are limited to interior linings, improving the quality in some points and the layout of others. The analog clock is the same one that is mounted on the Lexus LC. However, the technology is practically the same as what we had until now and that makes it somewhat obsolete. That feeling is further enhanced when compared to the recently launched Lexus ES.

The Lexus RC follows the brand’s usual philosophy and is offered in four trim levels . The Business is suitable for fleets and already comes with 18-inch wheels, Bi-LED headlights, Lexus Media Display leather upholstery with a 7-inch screen or Lexus Safety System +. It is followed by the Executive, which adds front and rear parking sensors or the electric sunroof. Above is the F Sport finish, which adds 19-inch wheels, adaptive variable suspension (AVS) or a 10.3-inch screen. The top of the range is the Luxury, which adds more distinction thanks to the Multi-LED headlights or the Mark Levinson sound system with 17 speakers.

The Lexus RC 300h is the hybrid variant of the coupé and continues to use the same propulsion system as before, although duly adapted to the Euro 6d regulations. That means we have a 2.5-liter Atkinson cycle naturally aspirated four-cylinder engine tied to an electrical mechanic and a nickel-metal hydride battery. A set that develops a power of 223 CV that pass to the rear wheels through the change of continuous variator e-CVT.

Renault Clio E-Tech

It was the fourth generation of the Clio that was in charge of having the brand’s first conventional hybrid. This variant, the Renault Clio E-Tech, also boasts of being one of the cheapest hybrid cars on the market.

We knew the benefits of the Clio with a conventional combustion engine in our test, which make it one of the reference utility vehicles. The hybrid version, almost without comparison in the segment, has a 140 hp engine that adds two electric motors powered by a 1.2 kWh battery, which allow it to move in 100% electric mode for about 5 km as long as they do not exceed the 75 km/h.

Ideal for moving around the city, where its consumption will be very low (approves 4.3 l/100 km according to the WLTP cycle, with emissions of 96 g/km of CO2. It is noteworthy (in terms of its reliability) that the gearbox Automatic has no clutch or synchronizers.

The hybrid Clio starts from the Intens finish , which already has remarkable equipment, such as automatic ignition LED lights, lane maintenance system, air conditioning, multimedia system with a 7-inch screen. If you are looking for something more complete, the Zen finish is offered (it does not imply a notable price increase) or the SL Edition , with elements that vary the exterior design and more luxuries.

Subaru Impreza EcoHybrid

The Subaru Impreza ecoHYBRID arrived in the Spanish market at the beginning of 2021 as the cleanest version, with an ECO label, of the 2018 Impreza range, joining the hybrid SUVs in the range.

It received few cosmetic changes, while retaining the Sporty and Advance design language , with an air intake that covers the entire front or headlights with LED technology and integrated C-shaped daytime running lights.

In the mechanical section, the 2.0-liter opposed four-cylinder gasoline engine is aided by a 12.3 kW (17 hp) electric drive housed in the continuously variable automatic gearbox. This distributes the 150 hp of power and 194 Nm of torque to all four wheels. A 0.57 kWh battery is responsible for the electrical part, which allows it to move somewhat in electric mode.

The brand did not position this Impreza in the economy of use. Consumption is somewhat high, since it homologates 7.9 l/100 km and despite its hybrid nature, it pays registration tax. Instead, it stands out for its good endowment and its great safety, with symmetrical all-wheel drive as standard, a lot of equipment in the Urban finish (the only one available initially) and all the EyeSight systems at no extra cost.

Suzuki Swace

The Suzuki Swace is a hybrid family car that hit the market in early 2021. It shares the vast majority of its parts with the Toyota Corolla Touring Sports, due to an agreement between the two companies. Between the two, the brand logo hardly changes.

It therefore offers a reasonably spacious interior (perhaps not as much as other compact families with a combustion engine), which is well done. It also has a good trunk, which reaches 596 liters of capacity.

The Suzuki Swace started its marketing with a single hybrid mechanics, one of the few non-plug-in options in this body and that has the ECO label. It is the 1.8 HSD with 122 hp of power, associated with the eCVT automatic transmission that sends its power to the front axle. The Corolla Touring Sports offers a more powerful 184 hp (see test), but the Swace’s performance is sufficient: it reaches 100 km/h from a standstill in 11.1 seconds and 180 km/h top speed, with an approved consumption 4.5 l/100 km.

It is offered with two levels of completion. The simplest is called GLE and is very well equipped, with elements such as 16-inch wheels, an electric parking brake, a touchscreen multimedia system, a good level of assistance and safety systems… Somewhat more expensive than the equivalent Toyota, but more gifted. Above it is the GLX , with leather trim, Bi-LED headlights, and other niceties.

Toyota Camry

The Toyota Camry Hybrid was the first launch of the Japanese manufacturer in 2019. It is a success in other markets such as North America, where almost 70% of sales went to the hybrid variant.

Its exterior has a completely new style showcasing the typical Toyota design language. The absolute predominance is taken by the front grille, with the distinctive blue accents that show the hybrid variants.

Under the skin, the new Camry is based on the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA) platform and powered by a 2.5-liter four-cylinder gasoline engine that drives the front wheels. The engine produces 187 hp and 221 Nm and is coupled to a 117 hp electric motor. The combined power of the new Camry is 218 hp . This mechanism is coupled to a transmission with continuously variable planetary gears, which has a gear change simulation  as if it were a six-speed automatic gearbox.

It shares this configuration with the Toyota RAV4 Hybrid and, perhaps, this is the point that takes the most getting used to. Accelerations are louder, but it is more efficient, as we saw in our test. Combined cycle consumption approved under the WLTP regulations is  5.3 l/100 km , and the level of polluting emissions is  119 g/km of CO2 . With these figures and its status as a hybrid vehicle, it has the ECO environmental label and its benefits.

With a length of 4.8 meters, the new Camry offers a very spacious cabin, with a  boot capacity of 524 liters  (in the Luxury trim it stays at 500 litres). The standard equipment does not detract either, with LED headlights, rear view camera, lighting, rain and parking sensors, 17-inch alloy wheels, Toyota Touch 2 multimedia system with seven-inch touch screen and various security and assistance systems. to driving that are collected in the Toyota Safety Sense package .

Toyota CorollaHybrid

A model arrives on the market that wants to revolutionize the segment. The Toyota Corolla 2019 is the compact that  recovers that historical name  worldwide and that leaves behind the era of the Toyota Auris. It does so with somewhat larger dimensions due to the use of the brand’s TNGA platform. Also with a somewhat more developed design, with sharper and more dynamic lines enhanced by customization possibilities.

A new modernized configuration is also adopted in the passenger compartment in line with the trend of other current models. Horizontality is enhanced on its dashboard and an 8-inch touch screen stands out in the central area. It will not be the only one, because there is another 7-inch in the instrumentation. The levels of quality and finishes will be good for its segment, as well as the habitability, although the trunk will not stand out too much with its 360 liters.

The Corolla comes with three  trim levels  to our country. The access one is the Active Tech, which already has 16-inch wheels, an 8-inch Toyota Touch screen, light and rain sensors, a rear camera or the Toyota Safety Sense security system. In the case of the Feel finish! 17-inch wheels, BiLED headlights, ambient lighting and a two-tone body option are mounted. The Advance adds 18-inch wheels, JBL sound system, mixed upholstery and some driving aids.

It offers two hybrid systems to choose from. The already traditional one that combines a 1.8-liter Atkinson cycle engine with an electric one and that achieves 122 hp, in addition to the new one with a 2.0-liter engine and a 1.4 kWh capacity battery with 180 hp of power. In both cases they are linked to the e-CVT continuous variator transmission.

Toyota Corolla Sedan

One of the biggest news of last year was the return of the Toyota Corolla. The mythical name for the brand returned to the compact worldwide and from there we have been able to see a family made up of three bodies . In this case we have to talk about the Toyota Corolla Sedan 2019, the sedan that is already available and that has interesting news. At the design level, it differs from the rest by a more stylized and horizontal front and a rear with a very marked third volume.

Inside there will be a lot of space . This Sedan has the same wheelbase as the family body and that translates into generous rear seats and a trunk that is not far behind with its 529 liters . The cabin is the same as in the other two and we see it with a sober but updated image thanks to new instrumentation or the 8-inch screen that stands out on the dashboard. As in other models, its finishes are expected to be well finished and durable.

In our country, the Corolla Sedan can be chosen with three trim levels . In the basic, Active Tech, 16-inch wheels, 8-inch touch screen, rear view camera or Toyota Safety Sense security systems are already included. Above is the Feel! finish, which adds 17-inch wheels, BiLED headlights, tinted glass or ambient lighting. The top of the range is the Advance, which adds 18-inch wheels, smart parking, heated seats or mixed upholstery.

As in the rest of the range, we see that the Toyota Corolla Sedan will only come to our country in its hybrid version . It is the same that we have already seen in other models such as the Prius or the C-HR and combines a 1.8-liter Atkinson cycle gasoline engine with a small electrical mechanics. They are linked to the e-CVT continuous variator transmission and generate a total of 122 horsepower. It is not yet known if the new more powerful hybrid system will arrive.

Toyota Corolla Touring Sport

We will no longer talk about the Auris Touring Sports, since the new bet in the compact family segment is the Toyota Corolla Touring Sports 2019. It is the most capable body of the three that this model has and that debuts the  GA-C platform , a derived from the TNGA. That means that it increases its dimensions and that it launches a more dynamic and updated design in which the front bumper or the optics stand out.

Inside  , there is much more space than its predecessor. The wheelbase extends to 2.7 meters and that helps to have the most capable rear seats in the segment and a 598-liter trunk. As for the interior design, minimalism has been chosen and there is a fairly clean dashboard with the main screen and new instrumentation.

The Corolla Touring Sports will also be available in three  trim levels . The access one is the Active Tech, which already has 16-inch wheels, an 8-inch Toyota Touch screen, light and rain sensors, a rear camera or the Toyota Safety Sense security system. In the case of the Feel finish! 17-inch wheels, BiLED headlights, ambient lighting and a two-tone body option are mounted. The Advance adds 18-inch wheels, JBL sound system, mixed upholstery and some driving aids.

In this generation, the family says goodbye to some mechanical options and will only be available with a hybrid system. The good news is that there are two to choose from. On the one hand, the already known 1.8-liter engine working together with an electrical mechanic to generate 122 hp. On the other hand, a new one with a 2.0-liter engine and a new battery that raises the power to 1,840 hp. In both cases there is a very effective e-CVT change but with few concessions to sportiness.

Toyota YarisHybrid

The Toyota Yaris 2020 is the fourth generation of this utility, whose great novelty is that it can only be chosen with hybrid mechanics, completely new and with a new lithium-ion battery.

Built on a new platform, a variant of the NGA, it remains less than four meters in length, although it does have a wheelbase. The silhouette is more similar to that of the Aygo (larger), and the interior has more technology, such as an 8-inch screen in a raised position, digital instrumentation, the possibility of Head Up Display… It has good space for four people and a 284 liter capacity trunk.

The great novelty is its hybrid mechanics. It combines a 116 hp 1.5-liter Atkinson cycle atmospheric engine with an electric one. It stands out for having 40% energy efficiency and homologating very low consumption, of 3.8 l/100 km and barely 85 g/km of CO2 emissions. In electric mode it can move a few kilometers, up to 130 km/h, thanks to a lithium-ion battery with a capacity of 0.94 kWh, lighter than the previous nickel metal hydride battery and which recharges when decelerating.

It can be chosen with three finishes (Active Tech, Style and Style Plus), plus the Business Plus, exclusive for fleets. They include the Safety Sense 2.5 security system with intelligent active cruise control, pre-collision warning capable of detecting pedestrians, automatic change from low to high beams, involuntary lane change warning, traffic sign recognition…